Air Source Heat Pump vs Oil Boiler: A Comprehensive Comparison
As homeowners seek more efficient and environmentally friendly heating solutions, the choice between air source heat pumps (ASHPs) and oil boilers has become increasingly relevant. This article compares these two heating systems to help you make an informed decision.
Air Source Heat Pumps
ASHPs extract heat from the outside air and transfer it into your home, operating on a principle similar to a refrigerator in reverse
Oil Boilers
Oil boilers generate heat by burning oil in a combustion chamber, warming water that is then circulated through radiators or underfloor heating
Efficiency Comparison
ASHPs are significantly more efficient than oil boilers:
- ASHPs typically have an efficiency rating of 300-400%
- New oil boilers are usually 92% to 93% efficient, but this can drop to around 60% as they age
Installation and Costs
| Aspect | Air Source Heat Pump | Oil Boiler |
|---|---|---|
| Installation Complexity | More complex, 1-5 days | Simpler |
| Upfront Cost | £10,000 – £14,000 (before grant) 11 | Typically cheaper |
| Grant Available | £7,500 (Boiler Upgrade Scheme) 9 | None |
Running Costs and Energy Bills
- ASHP: Approximately £980 per year for an average household
- Oil Boiler: Costs can vary significantly depending on oil prices.
ASHPs generally offer lower running costs, especially when replacing an old, inefficient oil boiler
Environmental Impact
ASHPs have a significantly lower environmental impact:
- Oil boilers emit 4-6 tonnes of CO2 per household annually
- ASHPs can reduce carbon emissions by up to 44% compared to oil boilers
Lifespan and Maintenance
- ASHPs typically last 20-25 years with minimal annual maintenance
- Oil boilers usually last 10-15 years and require annual servicing by a qualified technician
Space Requirements and Noise
- ASHPs require outdoor space for the unit and may produce some noise (40-60 decibels)
- Oil boilers are typically installed indoors and are generally quieter
Government Incentives
The UK government offers significant incentives for ASHP installation:
- Boiler Upgrade Scheme: £7,500 grant available for ASHP installation
- No equivalent grants are currently available for oil boilers.
Conclusion
While air source heat pumps have higher upfront costs, they offer significant environmental benefits, longer lifespans, and potential long-term savings, especially with available government grants. Oil boilers, on the other hand, have lower initial costs but higher environmental impact and potentially higher long-term running costs.Your choice between an ASHP and an oil boiler will depend on factors such as your home’s insulation, available outdoor space, local climate, and your long-term energy and environmental goals. As the UK moves towards its net-zero targets, ASHPs represent a future-proof heating solution, while oil boilers may face phase-out in the coming years.